Enhancing discovery of genetic variants for PTSD through integration of quantitative phenotypes and trauma exposure information

A.X. Maihofer; Karmel W Choi; Jonathan R I Coleman; Nikolaos P Daskalakis; Christy A Denckla; Elizabeth Ketema; Rajendra A Morey; Renato Polimanti; Andrew Ratanatharathorn; Katy Torres; Aliza P Wingo; Clement C Zai; Allison E Aiello; Lynn M Almli; Ananda B Amstadter; Søren Bo Andersen; O.A. Andreassen; Paul A Arbisi; S Bryn Austin; Allison E Ashley-Koch; Anders D Borglum; Esmina Avdibegovic; Dragan Babić; Marie Bμkvad-Hansen; Dewleen G Baker; Jean C Beckham; Laura J Bierut; Jonathan I Bisson; Marco P Boks; Elizabeth A Bolger; Bekh Bradley; Meghan Brashear; Gerome Breen; Richard A Bryant; Angela C Bustamante; J. Bybjerg-Grauholm; Joseph R Calabrese; José M Caldas-de-Almeida; Anders M Dale; Chia-Yen Chen; Jürgen Deckert; Shareefa Dalvie; Douglas L Delahanty; Michelle F Dennis; Seth G Disner; Katharina Domschke; Laramie E Duncan; Alma Dzubur Kulenovic; Christopher R Erbes; Alexandra Evans; Lindsay A Farrer; Norah C Feeny; Janine D Flory; David Forbes; Carol E Franz; Sandro Galea; Melanie E Garrett; Aarti Gautam; Bizu Gelaye; Joel Gelernter; Elbert Geuze; Charles Gillespie; Aferdita Goci; Scott D Gordon; Guia Guffanti; Rasha Hammamieh; Michael A Hauser; Andrew C Heath; Sian M J Hemmings; D.M. Hougaard; Miro Jakovljevic; Marti Jett; Eric Otto Johnson; Ian Jones; Tanja Jovanovic; Xue-Jun Qin; Karen-Inge Karstoft; Nathan A Kimbrel; Milissa L Kaufman; Anthony P King; Ronald C Kessler; Alaptagin Khan; Nastassja Koen; Henry R Kranzler; William S Kremen; Bruce R Lawford; Lauren A M Lebois; Catrin E Lewis; Israel Liberzon; Sarah D Linnstaedt; Mark W Logue; Adriana Lori; Bozo Lugonja; Jurjen J Luykx; Michael J Lyons; Jessica Maples-Keller; Charles Marmar; Nicholas G Martin; Douglas Maurer; Matig R Mavissakalian; Alexander McFarlane; Regina E McGlinchey; Katie A McLaughlin; Samuel A McLean; Divya Mehta; Rebecca Mellor; Vasiliki Michopoulos; William P Milberg; Mark W Miller; Charles Phillip Morris; Ole Mors; Preben B Mortensen; Elliot C Nelson; Merete Nordentoft; Sonya B Norman; Meaghan O'Donnell; Holly K Orcutt; Matthew S Panizzon; Edward S Peters; Alan L Peterson; Matthew Peverill; Robert H Pietrzak; Melissa A Polusny; John P Rice; Victoria B Risbrough; Andrea L Roberts; Alex O Rothbaum; Barbara O Rothbaum; Peter Roy-Byrne; Kenneth J Ruggiero; Ariane Rung; Bart P F Rutten; Nancy L Saccone; Sixto E Sanchez; Dick Schijven; Soraya Seedat; Antonia V Seligowski; Julia S Seng; Christina M Sheerin; Derrick Silove; Alicia K Smith; Jordan W Smoller; Scott R Sponheim; Dan J Stein; Jennifer S Stevens; Martin H Teicher; W.K. Thompson; Edward Trapido; Monica Uddin; R.J. Ursano; Leigh Luella van den Heuvel; Miranda Van Hooff; Eric Vermetten; Christiaan H Vinkers; Joanne Voisey; Y Wang; Zhewu Wang; T. Werge; Michelle A Williams; Douglas E Williamson; Christiane Wolf; Sherry Winternitz; Erika J Wolf; Rachel Yehuda; Keith A Young; Ross McD Young; Hongyu Zhao; Lori A Zoellner; Magali Haas; Heather Lasseter; Allison C Provost; Rany M Salem; Jonathan Sebat; Richard A Shaffer; Tianying Wu; Stephan Ripke; Mark J Daly; Kerry J Ressler; Karestan C Koenen; M.B. Stein; C.M. Nievergelt

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.020

Tilbage

Enhancing discovery of genetic variants for PTSD through integration of quantitative phenotypes and trauma exposure information

Tidsskriftartikel

Open access

Enhancing discovery of genetic variants for PTSD through integration of quantitative phenotypes and trauma exposure information

A.X. Maihofer, Karmel W Choi, Jonathan R I Coleman, Nikolaos P Daskalakis, Christy A Denckla, Elizabeth Ketema, Rajendra A Morey, Renato Polimanti, Andrew Ratanatharathorn, Katy Torres, …

Biological psychiatry (1969), Vol.91(7), s.626-636

01/04/2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.020

PMID: 34865855

Abstract

GWAS

heritability

PheWAS

PTSD

Genetics

Trauma

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is heritable and a potential consequence of exposure to traumatic stress. Evidence suggests that a quantitative approach to PTSD phenotype measurement and incorporation of lifetime trauma exposure (LTE) information could enhance the discovery power of PTSD genome-wide association studies (GWAS). GWAS on PTSD symptoms was performed in 51 cohorts followed by a fixed-effects meta-analysis (N = 182,199 European Ancestry participants). A GWAS of LTE burden was performed in the UK Biobank cohort (N = 132,988). Genetic correlations were evaluated with LD-score regression. Multivariate analysis was performed using Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS. Functional mapping and annotation of leading loci was performed with FUMA. Replication was evaluated using the Million Veteran Program (MVP) GWAS of PTSD total symptoms. GWAS of PTSD symptoms and LTE burden identified 5 and 6 independent genome-wide significant loci, respectively. There was a 72% genetic correlation between PTSD and LTE. PTSD and LTE showed largely similar patterns of genetic correlation with other traits, albeit with some distinctions. Adjusting PTSD for LTE reduced PTSD heritability by 31%. Multivariate analysis of PTSD and LTE increased the effective sample size of the PTSD GWAS by 20% and identified 4 additional loci. Four out of these 9 PTSD loci were independently replicated in MVP. Through using a quantitative trait measure of PTSD, we identify novel risk loci not previously identified using prior case/control analyses. PTSD and LTE have a high genetic overlap that can be leveraged to increase discovery power through multivariate methods.

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Titel: Enhancing discovery of genetic variants for PTSD through integration of quantitative phenotypes and trauma exposure information
Ophav: A.X. Maihofer (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
Karmel W Choi (Forfatter) - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, US
Jonathan R I Coleman (Forfatter) - King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, GB
Nikolaos P Daskalakis (Forfatter) - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, US
Christy A Denckla (Forfatter) - Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Epidemiology, Boston, MA, US
Elizabeth Ketema (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
Rajendra A Morey (Forfatter) - Duke University, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, US
Renato Polimanti (Forfatter) - VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, US
Andrew Ratanatharathorn (Forfatter) - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, US
Katy Torres (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
Aliza P Wingo (Forfatter) - Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, US
Clement C Zai (Forfatter) - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, US
Allison E Aiello (Forfatter) - Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, NC, US
Lynn M Almli (Forfatter) - Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, US
Ananda B Amstadter (Forfatter) - Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Richmond, VA, US
Søren Bo Andersen (Forfatter)
O.A. Andreassen (Forfatter) - Oslo University Hospital, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo, NO
Paul A Arbisi (Forfatter) - Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mental Health Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, US
S Bryn Austin (Forfatter) - Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Boston, MA, US
Allison E Ashley-Koch (Forfatter) - Duke University, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, US
Anders D Borglum (Forfatter) - Aarhus University, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus, DK
Esmina Avdibegovic (Forfatter) - University Clinical Center of Tuzla, Department of Psychiatry, Tuzla, BA
Dragan Babić (Forfatter) - University Clinical Center of Mostar, Department of Psychiatry, Mostar, BA
Marie Bμkvad-Hansen (Forfatter) - The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK
Dewleen G Baker (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
Jean C Beckham (Forfatter) - Duke University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC, US
Laura J Bierut (Forfatter) - Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis, MO, US
Jonathan I Bisson (Forfatter) - Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, UK
Marco P Boks (Forfatter) - UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, Utrecht, NL
Elizabeth A Bolger (Forfatter) - Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, US
Bekh Bradley (Forfatter) - Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, US
Meghan Brashear (Forfatter) - Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, School of Public Health and Department of Epidemiology, New Orleans, LA, US
Gerome Breen (Forfatter) - King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, GB
Richard A Bryant (Forfatter) - University of New South Wales, Department of Psychology, Sydney, NSW, AU
Angela C Bustamante (Forfatter) - University of Michigan Medical School, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, US
J. Bybjerg-Grauholm (Forfatter) - The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK
Joseph R Calabrese (Forfatter) - University Hospitals, Department of Psychiatry, Cleveland, OH, US
José M Caldas-de-Almeida (Forfatter) - CEDOC-Chronic Diseases Research Centre, Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Lisbon, PT
Anders M Dale (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosciences, La Jolla, CA, US
Chia-Yen Chen (Forfatter) - Biogen, Translational Biology, Cambridge, MA, US
Jürgen Deckert (Forfatter) - University Hospital of Würzburg, Center of Mental Health, Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Würzburg, DE
Shareefa Dalvie (Forfatter) - University of Cape Town, SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA
Douglas L Delahanty (Forfatter) - Kent State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent, OH, US
Michelle F Dennis (Forfatter) - Duke University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC, US
Seth G Disner (Forfatter) - Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Research Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, US
Katharina Domschke (Forfatter) - Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Freiburg, DE
Laramie E Duncan (Forfatter) - Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA, US
Alma Dzubur Kulenovic (Forfatter) - University Clinical Center of Sarajevo, Department of Psychiatry, Sarajevo, BA
Christopher R Erbes (Forfatter) - Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mental Health Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, US
Alexandra Evans (Forfatter) - Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, GB
Lindsay A Farrer (Forfatter) - Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston, MA, US
Norah C Feeny (Forfatter) - Case Western Reserve University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Cleveland, OH, US
Janine D Flory (Forfatter) - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, US
David Forbes (Forfatter) - University of Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne, VIC, AU
Carol E Franz (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
Sandro Galea (Forfatter) - Boston University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston, MA, US
Melanie E Garrett (Forfatter) - Duke University, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, US
Aarti Gautam (Forfatter) - Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Silver Spring, MD, US
Bizu Gelaye (Forfatter) - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, US
Joel Gelernter (Forfatter) - VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, US
Elbert Geuze (Forfatter) - Netherlands Ministry of Defence, Brain Research and Innovation Centre, Utrecht, Utrecht, NL
Charles Gillespie (Forfatter) - Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, US
Aferdita Goci (Forfatter) - University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Department of Psychiatry, Prishtina, Kosovo, XK
Scott D Gordon (Forfatter) - QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Brisbane, Queensland, AU
Guia Guffanti (Forfatter) - Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, US
Rasha Hammamieh (Forfatter) - Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Silver Spring, MD, US
Michael A Hauser (Forfatter) - Duke University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC, US
Andrew C Heath (Forfatter) - Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Saint Louis, MO, US
Sian M J Hemmings (Forfatter) - Stellenbosch University, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA
D.M. Hougaard (Forfatter) - The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK
Miro Jakovljevic (Forfatter) - University Hospital Center of Zagreb, Department of Psychiatry, Zagreb, HR
Marti Jett (Forfatter) - Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Headquarter, Silver Spring, MD, US
Eric Otto Johnson (Forfatter) - RTI International, GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Research Triangle Park, NC, US
Ian Jones (Forfatter) - Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, GB
Tanja Jovanovic (Forfatter) - Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, US
Xue-Jun Qin (Forfatter) - Duke University, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, US
Karen-Inge Karstoft (Forfatter) - The Danish Veteran Centre, Research and Knowledge Centre, Ringsted, Sjaelland, DK
Nathan A Kimbrel (Forfatter) - VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Genetics Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, US
Milissa L Kaufman (Forfatter) - Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, US
Anthony P King (Forfatter) - University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, MI, US
Ronald C Kessler (Forfatter) - Harvard Medical School, Department of Health Care Policy, Boston, MA, US
Alaptagin Khan (Forfatter) - Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, US
Nastassja Koen (Forfatter) - University of Cape Town, SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA
Henry R Kranzler (Forfatter) - Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, US
William S Kremen (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
Bruce R Lawford (Forfatter) - Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU
Lauren A M Lebois (Forfatter) - Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, US
Catrin E Lewis (Forfatter) - Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, GB
Israel Liberzon (Forfatter) - Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Bryan, TX, US
Sarah D Linnstaedt (Forfatter) - UNC Institute for Trauma Recovery, Department of Anesthesiology, Chapel Hill, NC, US
Mark W Logue (Forfatter) - VA Boston Healthcare System, National Center for PTSD, Boston, MA, US
Adriana Lori (Forfatter) - Emory University, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Atlanta, GA, US
Bozo Lugonja (Forfatter) - Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, GB
Jurjen J Luykx (Forfatter) - UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, Utrecht, NL
Michael J Lyons (Forfatter) - Boston University, Dean's Office, Boston, MA, US
Jessica Maples-Keller (Forfatter) - Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, US
Charles Marmar (Forfatter) - New York University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, US
Nicholas G Martin (Forfatter) - QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Brisbane, Queensland, AU
Douglas Maurer (Forfatter) - United States Army, Command, Fort Sill, OK, US
Matig R Mavissakalian (Forfatter) - University Hospitals, Department of Psychiatry, Cleveland, OH, US
Alexander McFarlane (Forfatter) - University of Adelaide, Centre for Traumatic Stress Studies, Adelaide, South Australia, AU
Regina E McGlinchey (Forfatter) - VA Boston Health Care System, GRECC/TRACTS, Boston, MA, US
Katie A McLaughlin (Forfatter) - Harvard University, Department of Psychology, Boston, MA, US
Samuel A McLean (Forfatter) - UNC Institute for Trauma Recovery, Department of Anesthesiology, Chapel Hill, NC, US
Divya Mehta (Forfatter) - Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU
Rebecca Mellor (Forfatter) - Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, QLD, AU
Vasiliki Michopoulos (Forfatter) - Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, US
William P Milberg (Forfatter) - VA Boston Health Care System, GRECC/TRACTS, Boston, MA, US
Mark W Miller (Forfatter) - VA Boston Healthcare System, National Center for PTSD, Boston, MA, US
Charles Phillip Morris (Forfatter) - Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU
Ole Mors (Forfatter) - Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus, DK
Preben B Mortensen (Forfatter) - Aarhus University, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus, DK
Elliot C Nelson (Forfatter) - Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis, MO, US
Merete Nordentoft (Forfatter) - The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK
Sonya B Norman (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
Meaghan O'Donnell (Forfatter) - University of Melbourne, Phoenix Australia, Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne, VIC, AU
Holly K Orcutt (Forfatter) - Northern Illinois University, Department of Psychology, DeKalb, IL, US
Matthew S Panizzon (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
Edward S Peters (Forfatter) - Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health and Department of Epidemiology, New Orleans, LA, US
Alan L Peterson (Forfatter) - South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Research and Development Service, San Antonio, TX, US
Matthew Peverill (Forfatter) - University of Washington, Department of Psychology, Seattle, WA, US
Robert H Pietrzak (Forfatter) - Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, US
Melissa A Polusny (Forfatter) - Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mental Health Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, US
John P Rice (Forfatter) - Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis, MO, US
Victoria B Risbrough (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
Andrea L Roberts (Forfatter) - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, MA, US
Alex O Rothbaum (Forfatter) - Case Western Reserve University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Cleveland, OH, US
Barbara O Rothbaum (Forfatter) - Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, US
Peter Roy-Byrne (Forfatter) - University of Washington, Department of Psychiatry, Seattle, WA, US
Kenneth J Ruggiero (Forfatter) - Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry, Charleston, SC, US
Ariane Rung (Forfatter) - Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health and Department of Epidemiology, New Orleans, LA, US
Bart P F Rutten (Forfatter) - Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, Limburg, NL
Nancy L Saccone (Forfatter) - Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis, MO, US
Sixto E Sanchez (Forfatter) - Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Department of Medicine, Lima, Lima, PE
Dick Schijven (Forfatter) - UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, Utrecht, NL
Soraya Seedat (Forfatter) - Stellenbosch University, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA
Antonia V Seligowski (Forfatter) - Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, US
Julia S Seng (Forfatter) - University of Michigan, School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, US
Christina M Sheerin (Forfatter) - Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Richmond, VA, US
Derrick Silove (Forfatter) - Emeritus Professor, University of New South Wales, Department of Psychiatry, Sydney, AU
Alicia K Smith (Forfatter) - Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, US
Jordan W Smoller (Forfatter) - Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, US
Scott R Sponheim (Forfatter) - Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mental Health Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, US
Dan J Stein (Forfatter) - University of Cape Town, SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA
Jennifer S Stevens (Forfatter) - Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, US
Martin H Teicher (Forfatter) - Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, US
W.K. Thompson (Forfatter) - Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Roskilde, DK
Edward Trapido (Forfatter) - Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health and Department of Epidemiology, New Orleans, LA, US
Monica Uddin (Forfatter) - University of South Florida College of Public Health, Genomics Program, Tampa, FL, US
R.J. Ursano (Forfatter) - Uniformed Services University, Department of Psychiatry, Bethesda, Maryland, US
Leigh Luella van den Heuvel (Forfatter) - Stellenbosch University, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA
Miranda Van Hooff (Forfatter) - University of Adelaide, Centre for Traumatic Stress Studies, Adelaide, South Australia, AU
Eric Vermetten (Forfatter) - New York University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, US
Christiaan H Vinkers (Forfatter) - Amsterdam University Medical Center (location VUmc), Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Holland, NL
Joanne Voisey (Forfatter) - Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU
Y Wang (Forfatter) - The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK
Zhewu Wang (Forfatter) - Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston, SC, US
T. Werge (Forfatter) - The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK
Michelle A Williams (Forfatter) - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, US
Douglas E Williamson (Forfatter) - Duke University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC, US
Christiane Wolf (Forfatter) - University Hospital of Würzburg, Center of Mental Health, Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Würzburg, DE
Sherry Winternitz (Forfatter) - Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, US
Erika J Wolf (Forfatter) - VA Boston Healthcare System, National Center for PTSD, Boston, MA, US
Rachel Yehuda (Forfatter) - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, US
Keith A Young (Forfatter) - Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Bryan, TX, US
Ross McD Young (Forfatter) - Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Jamieson Trauma Institute, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU
Hongyu Zhao (Forfatter) - Yale University, Department of Biostatistics, New Haven, CT, US
Lori A Zoellner (Forfatter) - University of Washington, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Seattle, WA, US
Magali Haas (Forfatter) - Cohen Veterans Bioscience, Cambridge, MA, US
Heather Lasseter (Forfatter) - Cohen Veterans Bioscience, Cambridge, MA, US
Allison C Provost (Forfatter) - Cohen Veterans Bioscience, Cambridge, MA, US
Rany M Salem (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, La Jolla, CA, US
Jonathan Sebat (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
Richard A Shaffer (Forfatter) - Naval Health Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, San Diego, CA, US
Tianying Wu (Forfatter) - San Diego State University, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Diego, CA, US
Stephan Ripke (Forfatter) - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, US
Mark J Daly (Forfatter) - Massachusetts General Hospital, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit (PNGU), Boston, MA, US
Kerry J Ressler (Forfatter) - Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, US
Karestan C Koenen (Forfatter) - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, US
M.B. Stein (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
C.M. Nievergelt (Forfatter) - University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, US
Oplysninger om publikationen (del af): Biological psychiatry (1969), Vol.91(7), s.626-636
Udgiver: Elsevier
Akademisk enhed: Veterancentret; Videncentret
Sprog: English
Publikationstype: Tidsskriftartikel
Peer Review: NO
Dato (elektronisk offentliggørelse): 27/09/2021
Udgivelsesdato: 01/04/2022
ISSN: 1873-2402
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.020
Oplysninger om publikationen (del af): 1873-2402