Abstract
In the dynamic realm of military operations, integrating Machine Learning (ML) algorithms is a
pivotal focus for enhancing decision-making processes. This thesis explores the intricate
interplay between humans and artificial intelligence within the Joint Targeting Cycle (JTC), Air
Tasking Cycle (ATC), and John Boyd's OODA-Loop. The investigation spans theoretical
frameworks, stakeholder perspectives, and practical implications, emphasising optimised
collaboration for achieving Multi-Domain Operations (MDO).
The exploration begins by aligning the OODA-Loop with traditional military cycles, highlighting
the importance of rapid decision-making. Emphasising the targeting process within the JTC and
ATC, the thesis underscores the crucial role of the orientation phase and the potential of ML in
Intelligence Support Activities. The second phase delves into a data-centric approach,
emphasising the Unity and Agility principles. ML's potential to enhance efficiency in data
processing is explored, focusing on human oversight for validation. The discussion expands to
the need for cultural shifts in successful ML implementation. The final segment unravels the
critical aspect of effective collaboration between humans and AI. Leveraging a hermeneutics
methodology, the thesis underscores the need for a nuanced understanding of the human
element in integrating advanced technologies. Cultural shifts within organisations, particularly
the Danish defence, are identified as pivotal for ML integration success.
The conclusion poses a fundamental question: How can collaboration between humans and AI
be optimised in military operations, considering theoretical frameworks, practical implications
of ML, and achieving MDO through cultural shifts? The thesis explores the intersection between
human decision-making and artificial intelligence, contributing insights to the ongoing
discourse on the future of military operations. Through nuanced understanding and strategic
alignment, it aspires to pave the way for enhanced efficiency and effectiveness in the ever-
evolving theatre of military operations.